Research Articles
Capital intelectual, innovación y supervivencia empresarial: evidencia de 7.529 empresas manufactureras colombianas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-2724202600025042Resumen
Esta investigación examina si el capital intelectual y la innovación son factores significativos en la supervivencia de las empresas manufactureras colombianas. El capital intelectual se aborda a través de sus dimensiones humana, estructural y relacional, dentro de la teoría de recursos y capacidades. El diseño es cuantitativo, correlacional y causal, y utiliza la Encuesta de Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (EDIT), elaborada por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, en sus dos ediciones más recientes disponibles, correspondientes a 2017-2018 y 2019-2020, con una muestra final de 7.529 empresas manufactureras. Se aplicó un análisis de componentes principales para reducir la dimensionalidad y se estimaron regresiones probit y binomial negativa; la mediación se evaluó con el método Karlson-Holm-Breen. El componente que agrupa a los empleados con formación de maestría, especialización, universitaria, tecnológica y de técnico profesional no vinculados a actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación presenta un efecto positivo y significativo sobre la supervivencia empresarial, sobre la innovación en bienes y servicios y sobre los registros de propiedad intelectual. Los componentes asociados a la educación secundaria completa y al capital estructural en procesos de mercadeo, ingeniería y diseño presentan efectos negativos y significativos sobre la supervivencia y sobre los registros de propiedad intelectual. La innovación no media la relación entre capital intelectual y supervivencia empresarial. Los hallazgos respaldan programas de formación continua, la alineación de los procesos creativos con los objetivos estratégicos e incentivos fiscales a la investigación y el desarrollo en el sector manufacturero.
Palabras clave:
- Capital intelectual
- Supervivencia empresarial
- Innovación de producto
- Industria manufacturera colombiana
- nálisis de mediación
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Derechos de autor 2026 Youseline Hernandez, Javier Francisco Rueda Galvis , Albeiro Beltrán Diaz, Lina Rosenda Bonilla Rueda
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