Research Articles
The Determining Factors in the Implementation of Industry 4.0 in Argentine SMEs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242024000100066Resumen
La I40 representa un nuevo paradigma en la producción de bienes y servicios de las empresas, mediante la unificación de las tecnologías digitales y el internet con la industria convencional. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los determinantes de la implementación de la I40 en las pymes. Estudiamos en particular, el efecto en la implementación, de factores tales como el tamaño, la antigüedad, género, nivel de formación técnica de la gerencia, la presencia en la pyme de un responsable interno de I40 y si se trata de una empresa familiar o no. Para ello, se procuró desarrollar un estudio empírico a partir de una muestra de 1.142 pymes argentinas. Como estrategia metodológica se definió un modelo a desarrollar en dos etapas, en la primera se propuso un análisis factorial confirmatorio para determinar la variable latente: I40 por empresa y en la segunda, se elaboró un modelo de regresión lineal en base a las variables elegidas como probables determinantes. Los principales resultados, nos permiten afirmar que la antigüedad y el tamaño de la organización pueden tener una implicancia favorable para la incorporación de herramientas de la I40. Encontramos también una asociación positiva entre el sexo masculino de la gerencia, la formación del gerente en las cuestiones técnicas relacionadas y la presencia de un responsable interno del proceso de digitalización, en la implementación de tecnologías asociadas a la I40. Al mismo tiempo no encontramos. una relación significativa entre la implementación del modelo de la I40 y la empresa de familia. Lo concluido puede resultar útil para el direccionamiento de las políticas públicas de fomento sobre las empresas más jóvenes y las más pequeñas y la facilitación de sus posibilidades de la incorporación del nuevo paradigma de producción, como así también la formulación de políticas con perspectiva de género.
Palabras clave:
- SMEs
- industry 4.0
- implementation
- Digital Transformation
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