Configurational Drivers of Digital Technology Adoption in Manufacturing SMEs: Evidence from Chile

Francisco Gatica - Neira; Mario Ramos - Maldonado

doi:10.4067/s0718-2724202600024993

Authors

Francisco Gatica - Neira Faculty of Business Sciences, Department of Economics and Finance, University of Bío-Bío , Concepción, Chile.
Mario Ramos - Maldonado Faculty of Engineering, Department of Engineering, University of Bío-Bío , Concepción, Chile.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-2724202600024993

Keywords:

digital transformation, technology adoption, SMEs, TOE framework, fsQCA, technological capabilities, Industry 4.0

Abstract

Digital transformation has become a key driver of competitiveness and productivity among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, the factors that enable firms to deepen the adoption of digital technologies remain insufficiently understood, particularly in emerging industrial regions. This study analyses the configurations of technological and organizational factors that explain the level of digital technology adoption among manufacturing SMEs. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and a sample of 52 firms located in the Bío-Bío Region of Chile, the research is guided by the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. The results identify several configurations explaining higher levels of digital technology adoption, highlighting the importance of internal capabilities. In particular, the presence of ICT professionals, technological knowledge, an organizational culture supportive of digital innovation, and leadership motivation emerge as key conditions. These findings suggest that digital technology adoption is explained primarily by technological and organizational capabilities, while the environmental conditions analysed play a more limited role. The study contributes to the literature on digital transformation and provides implications for public policies aimed at strengthening innovation capabilities in manufacturing SMEs.

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Author Biography

Francisco Gatica - Neira, Faculty of Business Sciences, Department of Economics and Finance, University of Bío-Bío , Concepción, Chile.

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