Oligopoly Strategies in Agricultural Innovation: Biotech and ICT Acquisitions

Abstract

This article explores technological convergence in the seed and agricultural machinery industries, focusing on mergers and acquisitions (M&A) between 1990 and 2021. Its aim is to understand the global capital restructuring in these industries and its relationship with agriculture 4.0 and advancements in biotechnology. The assessment of changes in technological hierarchy emphasizes cooperation and rivalry in oligopolies for the diffusion of technologies. Using Crunchbase, the methodology identifies 221 acquisitions and classifies companies according to their technological capabilities, focusing on interaction with new technologies. Preliminary results indicate M&A patterns suggesting different strategic adaptations to emerging technologies. Leaders in agricultural machinery seek to integrate ICT tools in the agricultural sector, hinting at a possible transition to information services, with metallurgy as a complementary asset. In contrast, the seed industry follows a path of innovation centered on genetic engineering, considering ICT as complementary assets.