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This work proposes a different approach of International Cooperation on the Brazilian scientific and technological (S&T) development process, based on the case of the cooperation among Brazil and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The studies lead to a suggestion of a new strategic approach of a system beginning starting at activities of international S&T interchange and collaborations as initial stage that lead to International Cooperation, seen as the only one capable of directly create S&T development. The case of the Brazilian activities at CERN shows that International Cooperation generates S&T development only with long term assured financial and institutional arrangements between Universities and Industries, supported by government policies and programs. The results point to the assumption that International Cooperation is an essential element for elaboration and execution of public policies that aim national development on science and technology.